La gestion des terres joue un rôle décisif dans la lutte contre le changement climatique, ce qui rend le suivi transparent indispensable. Les pays disposent d’une large marge de manœuvre pour fixer leurs objectifs, définir la portée du secteur de l’utilisation des terres et rendre compte des émissions et absorptions de gaz à effet de serre qui en sont issues. Toutefois, ils sont tenus de le faire d’une façon qui favorise la transparence et fournisse suffisamment d’exactitude, d’exhaustivité, de cohérence et de comparabilité.
Le projet Suivi transparent a permis de concevoir un ensemble de critères visant à surmonter les difficultés présentées dans le Livre I. Le Livre II présente une collection d’études de cas illustrant la mise en œuvre réussie de démarches de suivi transparent, d’après les expériences menées en Côte d’Ivoire, Éthiopie, Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée et Pérou. Ces études abordent les besoins spécifiques identifiés par les pays, allant de travaux techniques sur les facteurs d’émission liés à la conversion de forêts en plantations de palmiers à huile, à l’utilisation des données de suivi fournies par la communauté pour la restauration de la forêt et les alertes de déforestation, en passant par la cartographie des moteurs de la déforestation grâce à la télédétection et par l’amélioration de la communication des cartes du cacao pour différentes parties prenantes.
Ces études de cas démontrent que les démarches de suivi transparent sont bien plus qu’un simple itinéraire technique : il s’agit d’un puissant instrument au service d’une action climatique concrète. En s’attaquant aux difficultés existantes et en prenant appui sur les succès décrits dans le présent rapport, les pays seront en mesure d’instaurer des systèmes de suivi capables d’enclencher un changement transformateur. La voie à suivre requiert de l’engagement, de la collaboration et de l’innovation, mais débouchera sur des politiques du secteur de l’utilisation des terres plus efficaces, avec pour avantages une plus grande résilience et une action plus forte contre le changement climatique.
Tag: data analysis
Pour un suivi transparent dans la pratique: Guide pour un suivi efficace dans le secteur des terres. Livre I – Comprendre les démarches de suivi transparent
La gestion des terres joue un rôle décisif dans la lutte contre le changement climatique, ce qui rend le suivi transparent indispensable. Les pays disposent d’une large marge de manœuvre pour fixer leurs objectifs, définir la portée du secteur des terres et rendre compte des émissions et absorptions de gaz à effet de serre qui en sont issues. Toutefois, ils sont tenus de le faire d’une façon qui favorise la transparence et avec suffisamment d’exactitude, d’exhaustivité, de cohérence et de comparabilité.
Le volume de données actuellement généré à l’échelle mondiale est inédit. Ces données sont disponibles pour évaluer les changements de l’utilisation et de gestion des terres dans le temps, et en déterminer les effets sur les émissions et absorptions de gaz à effet de serre. La richesse de ces données peut servir de socle solide à la génération de produits et services de qualité pour le suivi des évolutions du stock de carbone. Néanmoins, cette quantité colossale d’informations crée aussi de la confusion, avec des définitions contradictoires et des interprétations erronées.
Le projet de suivi transparent a permis de concevoir un ensemble de critères visant à surmonter ces difficultés et à renforcer l’efficacité du suivi des émissions de gaz à effet de serre à partir du secteur des terres. Ces critères sont présentés dans le présent Livre I. Les démarches de suivi transparent portent sur les jeux de données, les outils et les portails qui répondent aux besoins des pays dans le secteur des terres, en leur fournissant des données pouvant compléter les informations nécessaires à leur propre système de suivi.
En tirant avantage des démarches de suivi transparent, les pays peuvent augmenter leurs capacités pour suivre et rendre compte de leurs émissions et absorptions de GES du secteur des terres, et progresser dans la mise en œuvre du cadre de transparence renforcée (ETF) de l’Accord de Paris. Le Livre II comprend une collection d’études de cas illustrant la mise en œuvre réussie de démarches de suivi transparent.
Assessing household poverty and wellbeing: a manual with examples from Kutai Barat, Indonesia
The manual reflects the results of a 3-year participatory learning process that comprised many meetings, workshops, village case studies, a baseline survey of 20 poor villages, two monitoring trials in another 20 villages, and a full monitoring survey of all 223 villages in Kutai Barat. The principal purpose of this manual is to provide technical guidelines and background information to poverty assessors at district, subdistrict and village level in Kutai Barat. Therefore, the manual is structured in modules according to the tasks of the assessors. It describes the poverty monitoring system step by step, from the development of local poverty indicators to the final analysis and application of monitoring data.
Towards a FAIR Knowledge Graph-Based Conversational Agent for Exploring Agroforestry Research
This paper presents a framework for improving access to agroforestry research through a FAIR knowledge graph integrated with a conversational agent. The proposed system aggregates metadata and research outputs from institutional repositories of CIFOR and World Agroforestry (ICRAF), transforming scientific information into semantically enriched and machine-readable knowledge structures. The framework combines knowledge graph technologies, AGROVOC-based semantic annotation, large language models, and graph retrieval-augmented generation to support natural language querying and query-focused summarization. By linking diverse research resources and enabling intuitive access through a conversational interface, the approach aims to enhance the discoverability, accessibility, and reuse of agroforestry knowledge, particularly for researchers and stakeholders in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The system contributes to advancing FAIR data principles and supports more effective exploration of scientific evidence in agriculture and agroforestry research.
Remote sensing and statistical data analysis as tools to understand forest livelihood strategies
In recognition of the importance of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in both social and forest resource management terms, one of CIFOR’s major projects is on “Sustainable Use and Development of Non-Timber Forest Products “. The project is aiming at a world level comparison of NTFPs-based forest use, and currently has field sites in seven countries, including Indonesia. This paper reports on a study on the interaction between land-use changes and forest management strategies at the household level, and how this interaction is shaped by ecological, physical, socio-economic and other exogenous factors (e.g., policies). Field sites in Indonesia are in Pasir and Mahakam in East Kalimantan, and the West of Lake Toba in North Sumatra. We are going to approach the problem by combining various data collection and data analysis tools. Data collection tools include remote sensing, household surveys, ecological surveys, market studies, gender and diversity studies. Analytical tools include GIS, statistical analysis, spatial modeling, land-use decision modeling, and gender and diversity analysis. The general framework of the study covers three scales: landscape, local and household. In the landscape level, time series of satellite images classified based on vegetation cover together with other data such as road, eleva-tion, soil type, administrative boundaries and population are used to obtain a transition probability matrix (TPM). The area with major changes is taken as local scale. Depending on the nature of the changes (e.g. road, plantation, etc.), we will apply optimization and econometric models based on data from the household studies. The overall model also allows for making scenarios to predict or outline possible future changes. We will study the impact of land-use change on biodiversity through the landscape diversity, complexity and heterogeneity. For preliminary study, we started with the simplest TPM, namely Markov TPM. A temporal Markov TPH was obtained from post-classification images of two Landsat TH images of North Sumatra taken in 1993 and 1996. Projection using this temporal Markov TPH shows the tendency of decreasing primary forest area, and increasing other types of vegetation cover over time. The spatial Markov TPM shows that it is very rare for primary forest to be directly adjacent to barren areas. More common a gradient between primary forest, secondary forest and other types of scrubs and crops is observed. Secondary forest’s role as a pivotal state, both temporally and spatially, can clearly be seen m the TPM. The preliminary analysis of the household data in two villages in North Sumatra shows that land-use changes are associated with new economic opportunities. This has reduced the time spent on the management of benzoin gardens, but it has not lead to more drastic land-use changes such as abandoning the gardens completely. Rather they are kept as a reserve for possible future utilization. This has an influence on the resilience of the forest systems of the region and contributes to explain the rates and types of change observed.
A methodology to analyze divergent case studies of non-timber forest products and their development potential
Debate currently rages over the development potential of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) in tropical forests. Proponents of particular “solutions” can refer to evidence (case studies, data) which tend to support their interpretation of events and relationships. Recommendations thus frequently depend on how data are classified and interpreted. Inaccurate or incomplete classification leads to defective subsequent theories, models, and recommendations. We present a method for classifying very divergent case-study data, and some initial results as a basis for general understanding of key factors that influence a given result. Crucial issues determining outcomes of NTFP development include the nature of government involvement, distribution of property rights, the ability of local people to claim and enforce such rights, market transparency, and pressure on the resource. This paper concludes with suggestions for further testing and development of the methodology.
Assessing the Need for Establishing Land, Soil, and Crop Information Hubs to Support Climate-Smart Agriculture in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Rwanda
The Land, Soil, and Crop Information Services (LSC-IS) project (2021–2025) aims to establish sustainable agricultural data hubs within national research organizations in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Rwanda to support climate-smart agriculture. Beginning with a comprehensive needs assessment, the project identified user data requirements, institutional capacity gaps, and staff expertise needs. These findings informed strategies for embedding, long-term maintenance, and sustainability of the hubs, alongside multi-stakeholder engagement at national, district, and local levels. Two primary use cases guided the assessments: soil fertility management and soil and water conservation. Methodology included workshops, stakeholder interviews, and surveys emphasizing data demand for advancing climate-smart agriculture. In Ethiopia, AICCRA supports the Ministry of Agriculture in developing the AgDataHub and the National Soil Information System (NSIS). In Kenya, KALRO leads the Kenya Digital Agriculture Platform and contributes through the Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture Project (KCSAP). In Rwanda, the Rwanda Soil Information System (RwaSIS) provides soil fertility advisories and links to the Smart Nkunganire System (SNS), with a national Agricultural Management Information System (AMIS) under preparation.
A global biodiversity use data infrastructure acknowledging indigenous and local knowledge
Many global biodiversity datasets overlook or misrepresent the knowledge of Indigenous Peoples, Local Communities, and Afro-Descendants (IPLCAD). We propose minimum data and metadata standards for a global data infrastructure on biodiversity knowledge and use, co-designed with IPLCAD, including information on language, community attribution and consent, to ensure data traceability and ethical use. This initiative integrates ancestral and academic sciences to advance inclusive biodiversity governance, addressing historical inequities for global sustainability.
A bottom-up approach to estimating emissions from food systems: Using Biennial Transparency Reports for fine- grained, country-level estimations
Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from food systems remains a major challenge due to the lack of harmonized, sector-specific data that capture their cross-cutting nature. Food systems span all economic sectors along which national GHG inventories are usually structured: energy, industry, agriculture, land use and waste. However, national inventories are not fine-grained enough to disaggregate the share of food in those emissions, obscuring their full contribution and hindering integrated mitigation planning. Reliable, up-to-date country-level data are scarce, and global databases rely heavily on top-down estimates and outdated assumptions.
To address this gap, we introduce a model estimating food system emissions (FSE) in Common Reporting Tables (CRT). The FSE-CRT model is a straightforward, transparent and bottom-up approach that draws exclusively on official national data, as reported by countries to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) through their Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs) and CRTs. It offers a credible alternative to global datasets that is grounded in nationally generated data that countries can control and validate (data sovereignty), and aligned with their priorities for food security and self-determined reporting.
Based on the first 83 CRTs available as of mid-2025, the FSE-CRT model estimates FSE at 10.6 GtCO₂eq, matching the FAOSTAT estimate of 10.3 GtCO₂eq for the same 83 countries. When extrapolated to all countries, this corresponds to 16.8 GtCO₂eq, very close to the global estimate of 17 GtCO₂eq reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC: Babiker et al. 2022). The FSE-CRT model thus provides a realistic and replicable framework to validate and refine global FSE estimates, while enabling consistent, country- driven assessments for policy and planning.
Reviewing the governance systems on data sharing in OFESA countries to support development of a governance framework for the observatory of East and Southern Africa
In 2016, the Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and the Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD) launched the East and Southern Africa Forest Observatory (OFESA) to enhance sustainable forest management and governance through reliable data and knowledge. This report reviews the data-sharing landscape across OFESA member countries, examining existing regulations, identifying gaps and legal barriers—particularly around institutional arrangements and intellectual property—and proposing improvements. It also highlights comparative approaches and best practices for data-sharing agreements, based on insights from national-level informants including government agencies and research institutions. The findings offer strategic recommendations to strengthen OFESA’s data-sharing structures and inform broader applications across Africa.