The Danau Sentarum National Park (DSNP), Kalimantan, Indonesia, covers 30 000 ha of lake and 81 000 ha of lowland, seasonally flooded forest. It is the largest network of inland lakes in Borneo. The park is inhabited by over 5500 Malay fishermen. Most of the fishing implements used by the local population are made from rattan, and large quantities of rattan are also harvested and sold to timber companies for lashing together rafts of logs. The 3 most commonly used species at DSNP are duri antu (Calamus schistoacanthus), duri tapah (Calamus tapa) and duri pelanduk (Ceratolobus hallierianus). Inventories indicate that the 3 rattans differ greatly in the number of harvestable clumps/ha (>4.0 m tall). The duri antu populations average over 900 clumps/ha, duri pelanduk grows at densities of 400-500 clumps/ha, and duri tapah averages only 50 clumps/ha. Based on the observed relationship between clump height and the number of canes/clump, it is estimated that there are over 34 000 duri antu canes/ha growing in the flooded forest of DSNP. An analysis of local demand, productivity and current harvest intensities reveals that local rattan resources are being gradually overexploited. Several fishing communities have started to manage their rattan resources by controlling harvests and rehabilitating and enriching natural stands.
Tag: conservation
Comparative effectiveness of silvicultural interventions for increasing timber production and sustaining conservation values in natural tropical production forests: A systematic review protocol
Currently, about 400 million hectares of tropical moist forests worldwide are designated production forests, about a quarter of which are managed by rural communities and indigenous peoples. There has been a gradual impoverishment of forest resources inside selectively logged forests in which the volume of timber extracted over the first cutting cycle was mostly from large, old trees that matured over a century or more and grew in the absence of strong anthropological pressures. In forests now being logged for a second and third time, that volume has not been reconstituted due in part to the lack of implementation of post-logging silvicultural treatments. This depletion of timber stocks renders the degraded forests prone to conversion to other land uses. Although it is essential to preserve undisturbed primary forests through the creation of protected areas, these areas alone will not be able to ensure the conservation of all species on a pan-tropical scale, for social, economic and political reasons. The conservation of tropical forests of tomorrow will mostly take place within human-modified (logged, domesticated) forests. In this context, silvicultural interventions are considered by many tropical foresters and forest ecologists as tools capable of effectively conserving tropical forest biodiversity and ecosystem services while stimulating forest production. This systematic review aims to assess past and current evidence of the impact of silviculture on tropical forests and to identify silvicultural practices appropriate for the current conditions in the forests and forestry sectors of the Congo Basin, Amazonia and Southeast Asia.
What is the evidence for the contribution of forests to poverty alleviation? A systematic map protocol
Background: Forests provide an essential resource that support the livelihoods of an estimated 20% of the global population. Forests are thought to serve in three primary roles to support livelihoods: subsistence, safety nets, and pathways to prosperity. While we have a working understanding of how poor people depend on forests in individual sites and countries, much of this evidence is dispersed and not easily accessible. Thus, while the importance of forest ecosystems and resources to contribute to poverty alleviation has been increasingly emphasized in international policies, conservation and development initiatives and investments- the strength of evidence to support how forests can affect poverty outcomes is still unclear. This study takes a systematic mapping approach to scope, identify and describe studies that measure the effect of forest-based activities on poverty outcomes at local and regional scales. This effort builds upon an existing systematic map on linkages between conservation and human well-being in order to make this process more efficient. We will conduct a refined and updated search strategy pertinent to forests-poverty linkages to glean additional evidence from studies outside the scope of the original map. Results of this study can be used for informing conservation and development policy and practices in global forest ecosystems and highlight evidence gaps where future primary studies and systematic reviews can add value. Methods: We build upon the search strategy outlined in McKinnon et al. (Environ Evid 1-25, 2016) and expand our search to cover a total of 7 bibliographic databases, 15 organizational websites, 8 existing systematic reviews and maps, and evidence gap maps, and solicit key informants. All searches will be conducted in English and encompass all nations. Search results will be screened at title, abstract, and full text levels, recording both the number of excluded articles and reasons for exclusion. Full text assessment will be conducted on all included article and extracted data will be reported in a narrative review that will summarize trends in the evidence, report any knowledge gaps and gluts, and provide insight for policy, practice and future research. The data from this systematic map will be made available as well, through an open access, searchable data portal and visualization tool. © 2017 The Author(s).
Effectiveness of forest conservation interventions: An evidence gap map
This paper presents an evidence gap map of forest conservation interventions in low- and middle income countries based on evidence published over the period 2016 to mid-2018. It serves as an update to a similar effort by 3ie, with refinements to the framework that distributes studies across three tiers based on quality and considers environmental and socioeconomic outcomes. Compared to the previous evidence gap map, the evaluation of forest conservation outcomes has clearly accelerated in recent years, but from a modest base: the body of evidence still remains insufficient across most intervention types. Community-based management (especially in South Asia) and protected areas are well represented, though the latter distinguishes few subcategories. In turn, both PES and REDD+ evaluations are less available, and the latter surprisingly features more welfare than forest conservation or carbon impacts. Capacity-building interventions are almost absent in the matrix. It is also notable that policy mixes, often dominant in real-world implementation, have so far received little scrutiny. Among forest types, conservation interventions in mangroves lag behind, despite their environmental importance. Geographically, Asia and Latin America generally publish much more evaluated evidence than Africa. In conclusion, despite the incipient progress we have undoubtedly seen, many important knowledge gaps still remain.
Mapping of international funding flows to support the forest and environment sectors in Central Africa: An update
The forestry and environmental sectors’ funding has become a focal point for policymakers in Central Africa (CA). In 2019, the Observatory for Forests of Central Africa (OFAC) addressed this issue by conducting a study that mapped international financial flows to these sectors in CA. They also published an initial policy analysis paper examining international funding for these sectors from 2008 to 2017. During that period, CA received a measly sum of USD 2 billion, which represented 11% of the USD 15 billion in forestry and environmental official development assistance (FEODA) allocated to tropical regions. Subsequently, Central African Forest Commission (COMIFAC) member countries submitted their second revised nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to combat climate change impacts, making them eligible to apply for funding to international funding mechanisms for forestry and environmental sectors. Given these developments, it is necessary to update the previous study on international financial flows for forestry and environmental sectors in CA to assess any changes that have occurred since the initial research.
A Note on Terms of Gender Equality & Equity: Terminology and hints to improve Gender Equality and Equity in work and everyday life – in the Ethiopian context
GENDER Gender Is a bit trickier. Gender as a concept refers to the roles and responsibilities of boys, men, girls, and women influenced by the society we live in, our traditions, religion, values, culture, and economy. Gender is about the behaviours that are expected of each gender = Gender is about both men and women. These roles and expectations are learned from childhood, they are not determined by biology.
A Note on Terms of Gender Equality & Equity: Terminology and hints to improve Gender Equality and Equity in work and everyday life – in the Ethiopian context
GENDER Gender Is a bit trickier. Gender as a concept refers to the roles and responsibilities of boys, men, girls, and women influenced by the society we live in, our traditions, religion, values, culture, and economy. Gender is about the behaviours that are expected of each gender = Gender is about both men and women. These roles and expectations are learned from childhood, they are not determined by biology.
A Note on Terms of Gender Equality & Equity: Terminology and hints to improve Gender Equality and Equity in work and everyday life – in the Ethiopian context
GENDER Gender Is a bit trickier. Gender as a concept refers to the roles and responsibilities of boys, men, girls, and women influenced by the society we live in, our traditions, religion, values, culture, and economy. Gender is about the behaviours that are expected of each gender = Gender is about both men and women. These roles and expectations are learned from childhood, they are not determined by biology.
A Note on Terms of Gender Equality & Equity: Terminology and hints to improve Gender Equality and Equity in work and everyday life – in the Ethiopian context
GENDER Gender Is a bit trickier. Gender as a concept refers to the roles and responsibilities of boys, men, girls, and women influenced by the society we live in, our traditions, religion, values, culture, and economy. Gender is about the behaviours that are expected of each gender = Gender is about both men and women. These roles and expectations are learned from childhood, they are not determined by biology.
A Note on Terms of Gender Equality & Equity: Terminology and hints to improve Gender Equality and Equity in work and everyday life – in the Ethiopian context
GENDER Gender Is a bit trickier. Gender as a concept refers to the roles and responsibilities of boys, men, girls, and women influenced by the society we live in, our traditions, religion, values, culture, and economy. Gender is about the behaviours that are expected of each gender = Gender is about both men and women. These roles and expectations are learned from childhood, they are not determined by biology.