Indigenous Peoples’ lands cover over one‐quarter of Earth’s surface, a significant proportion of which is still free from industrial‐level human impacts. As a result, Indigenous Peoples and their lands are crucial for the long‐term persistence of Earth’s biodiversity and ecosystem services. Yet, information on species composition within Indigenous Peoples’ lands globally remains largely unknown. Here, we provide the first comprehensive analysis of terrestrial mammal composition across mapped Indigenous lands by using area of habitat data for 4,460 IUCN‐assessed mammal species. We estimated that 2,175 species (49%) have ≥ 10% of their ranges in Indigenous Peoples’ lands, and 646 species (14%) have > half of their ranges within these lands. For the threatened species assessed, 413 (41%) occur in Indigenous Peoples’ lands. We also found that 935 mammal species (of which 131 are threatened with extinction) have ≥ 10% of their range in Indigenous Peoples’ lands that have low human pressure. This analysis shows how important Indigenous Peoples and their lands are to the successful implementation of international conservation and sustainable development agendas.
Tag: conservation
PATSPO Newsletter Desember 2023
Concerns about the PATSPO II project working areas, which are being affected by the restructuring in the former Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR ) and security problems in some parts of Amhara and Oromia Regions, were raised and discussed. However, it was noted that the situation in Tigray Region has been improving considerably during the last year, and PATSPO II has started providing its full support to the Mekelle Tree Seed Center and is working in collaboration with the region. PATSPO II plans to work in some of the newly established regions of SNNPR.
Can REDD+ succeed? Occurrence and influence of various combinations of interventions in subnational initiatives
The institutional predecessor of REDD+ is the integrated conservation and development project (ICDP) that combines restrictions on forest access and conversion (negative interventions) with non-conditional direct benefits (positive interventions) to compensate local stakeholders for income losses from those restrictions. The idea of REDD+ was to improve on the ICDP model with a different kind of positive intervention: conditional direct benefits, often known as payments for environmental services or PES. How has this idea played out in reality? In a sample of 17 (out of 377) active REDD+ initiatives across the global South, we identified the combinations of interventions actually deployed and elicited household assessments of how those interventions affected their land use decisions with respect to forests. We found that 71 % of the households in our sample had participated in some number of forest interventions ranging from one to ten. About a quarter of those households were offered conditional direct benefits, most often in combination with non-conditional direct benefits. Nearly half of the households had received only non-conditional direct benefits. Many of those households were also subject to restrictions of various kinds. Thus, rather than abandoning the well-established ICDP approach in favor of the conditional incentives that conceptually define REDD+, most initiative proponents opted to deploy multiple interventions. Their approach is validated by our finding that the likelihood a household reports that the interventions caused them to adopt land use changes that could be classified as reducing carbon emissions is positively and significantly related to the number of interventions that they experienced, but not affected by whether any of those interventions are conditional. We also find that restrictions play an important role: 37 % of the households were subject to at least one negative intervention, and those households were significantly more likely to report that the interventions had induced land use changes that could be classified as reducing carbon emissions.
A Note on Terms of Gender Equality & Equity: Terminology and hints to improve Gender Equality and Equity in work and everyday life – in the Ethiopian context
GENDER Gender Is a bit trickier. Gender as a concept refers to the roles and responsibilities of boys, men, girls, and women influenced by the society we live in, our traditions, religion, values, culture, and economy. Gender is about the behaviours that are expected of each gender = Gender is about both men and women. These roles and expectations are learned from childhood, they are not determined by biology.
Climate-change threats to distribution, habitats, sustainability and conservation of highly traded medicinal and aromatic plants in Nepal
Climate change poses significant challenges to the conservation of highly traded prioritized medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) from the Greater Himalayas. It is therefore essential to understand, ‘how’ and ‘where’ the plantation of MAPs can be effectively implemented for dealing with conservation-related issues. However, the ensemble species distribution modelling (eSDM) approach could be best to determine the climatic space of six highly traded MAPs for plantation in Nepal. Meanwhile, the current suitability was projected to the future (2070; RCP 4.5) scenario using a global circulation model (GCM), BCC-CSM1.1. The model delineated climatic space of six highly traded MAPs in the highlands altitudinally ranging from 1800 to 4200 m a.s.l. (meter above sea level) with the core hotspot in the central region of Nepal. Under the current and future scenarios, Nardostachys jatamansi ‘Spikenard’ and Aconitum spicatum ‘Aconite’ are projected to have the highest (ca. 15% and 17%) and lowest (ca. 3% and 9%) suitable areas respectively. The climatic zone in the hilly region (ca. 3000 m) can be suitable for mixed cultivation of all six MAPs in combination with Paris polyphylla ‘Love Apple’ whereas, middle mountainous region (ca. 4000 m) is more suitable for Nardostachys jatamansi. Therefore, the appropriate climatic space of the highly traded MAPs suggests the great possibility of their mixed cultivation to combat the increasing pressure from international trade, thereby benefiting the local farmers or collectors. This approach is crucial for conceiving the adaptive measures for sustainable management concerning the conservation of the highly traded MAPs.
Gender Equitable Communication Guideline: A checklist to include gender equitable measures in future media outreach and training materials
Gender-responsive media outreach and training materials play a significant role in challenging gender inequality and forming new potentials for equitable changes in the tree seed and forestry sector in Ethiopia. Media in general has an incredible influence in shaping the views, especially of the next generation. Various measures and initiatives can be implemented to create a more gender-equitable outreach, such as actively avoiding using gender-biased language and illustrations, and challenging negative stereotypes and harmful norms about both men and women. To create inclusive and gender-equitable content and prevent biased and gender-inequal representation when producing future media outreach or training materials, it is recommended to go through the following set of considerations.
PATSPO Guideline on Gender Equitable Participation in Farmer Training
Based on the findings from the Gender Analysis conducted in 2022, PATSPO II assigned two gender consultants to prepare a short training guide with context-specific assessments of the needs and priorities of seed collectors to enhance gender-equitable participation in the ‘training of farmers program’ undertaken by PATSPO II. In addition to increasing the number of women, interventions should seek to challenge the prevailing gender norms that limit women’s attendance and active participation during training. Such work requires consideration of women’s needs, challenges, and contributions.
A Note on Terms of Gender Equality & Equity: Terminology and hints to improve Gender Equality and Equity in work and everyday life – in the Ethiopian context
GENDER Gender Is a bit trickier. Gender as a concept refers to the roles and responsibilities of boys, men, girls, and women influenced by the society we live in, our traditions, religion, values, culture, and economy. Gender is about the behaviours that are expected of each gender = Gender is about both men and women. These roles and expectations are learned from childhood, they are not determined by biology.
Background Information for the: PATSPO Guideline on Gender Equitable Participation in Farmer Training
Based on the findings from the Gender Analysis conducted in 2022, PATSPO II assigned two gender consultants to prepare a short training guide with context specific assessments of the needs and priorities of seed collectors to enhance gender equitable participation in the ‘training of farmers program’ undertaken by PATSPO II. The training guideline emerges from the consideration that a sole focus on increasing the number of women is unlikely to change the unequal situation of women, or really benefit women in a meaningful way – therefore interventions should also seek to challenge prevailing gender norms. Such work requires a consideration of women’s needs, knowledge, and contributions (Jhaveri, 2021).
Integrated landscape approaches in the tropics: A brief stock-take
Continued overexploitation of natural resources and the associated impacts of climate change threaten the sustainability and biodiversity of our global social-ecological systems. ‘Integrated landscape approaches’ are governance strategies that attempt to reconcile multiple and conflicting land-use claims to harmonize the needs of people and the environment and establish more sustainable and equitable multi-functional landscapes. Such approaches have gained prominence in recent conservation and development discourse, but critics have suggested a need for evidence of effectiveness to bridge knowledge-implementation gaps. Here we review the recent literature to provide a brief update on developments in the science and practice of landscape approaches, primarily in the tropics. We show that despite considerable enthusiasm for landscape approaches, the evidence base within the scientific literature remains poorly developed. Future application of landscape approaches requires concerted transdisciplinary actions that connect scales of governance to address the complex political economies in contested tropical landscapes. We highlight important challenges and opportunities for landscape approach implementation, particularly related to bridging sectorial and disciplinary divides, engaging the private sector, and monitoring landscape performance.