Tag: agrovoc
Productivity of Gliricidia sepium and Erythrina berteroana in live fences at three pruning frequences in the Atlantic zone of Costa Rica
Myths and science of soils of the tropics: proceedings of an international symposium sponsored by Division A-6 of the American Society of Agronomy, the World Association of Soil and Water Conservation, and the Soil and Water Conservation Society, in Las V
Assessing the relationships between property rights and technology adoption in smallholder agriculture: a review of issues and empirical methods
Studies of the relationships between property rights and technology adoption are complicated in several respects. First, there are challenges involved in defining and measuring property rights and tenure security. Second, there are several different valid purposes for undertaking such studies and each purpose may require a different approach. Third, there are a number of difficult theoretical and empirical issues involved in such studies, particularly in defining technology, identifying key dimensions of property rights, and accounting for the endogeneous determination of property rights.Through a synthesis and evaluation of previous studies, this paper identifies key issues and develops guidelines for conducting research on the relationships between property rights and technology adoption in smallholder agriculture. It seeks to benefit researchers and policy makers wishing to undertake or interpret empirical research. The topics addressed in the paper are: definition of scope and terms; key issues pertaining to the relationships between technology adoption and property rights variables; data collection and measurement issues; and analyses and interpretation of findings. The primary target groups for this paper are researchers and policy analysts.
The interaction of cowpea maturity with degree of waterlogging in the post-rice environment
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.>) Walp) is grown widely as an inexpensive source of protein in tropical regions. Production is often limited by either waterlogged or dry soils in the wet-dry transition period following rice because periodically saturated soils are followed by progressively severe drought. an optimum fit of cultivar phenology to these situations is crucial to higher, stable yields. The responses of a set of diverse cowpea cultivars differing in maturity were compared under a line-source moisture gradient applied during the vegetative stage on a isohyperthermic, clayey, Typic Tropudalf with a fluctuating shallow water table, during two dry season in the Philippines. In 1986-87, in saturated soil, the mean yields of the medium-maturing grain (460 g ha-1) and dual-purpose (460 kg ha-1) types exceeded yield of the early maturing grain (250 kg ha-1) and vegetable (210 kg ha -1) types, with a similar ranking (920, 730, 470, and 390 kg ha-1) without irrigation. In 1988, the medium-maturing cultivar group had a mean yield 985 kg ha-1 in saturated soil and 1389 kg ha-1 in unirrigated, again exceeding the early-maturity group with yields of 544 and 985 kg ha-1, respectively. Saturated soil reduced seed yields by 10 to 71 in 1986-87 and 10 to 42 in 1988. Pods per plant, seeds per pod, and individual seed mass of the cultivars were reduced 13 to 32, 12 to 19, and 3 to 12, respectively. The results suggest that the best medium-maturing cultivars had superior adaptation to that of the best expected in post-rice niches with a deep water table and limited soil water reserves.
Resources for agroforestry diagnosis and design: a handbook of useful tools and materials
The aim is not description per se, but description for the purposeof diagnosis and design. The amount of documentation producedat this stage will vary from application to application. Gooddocumentation is necessary if different peraonnel are to carryout the next stage or if a formal report or project proposalis planned. On the other hand, brief notes will suffice if itis judged that there is no particular value in extensivedocumentation