The carbon efficiency of oil palm plantations: an opportunity cost analysis
The introduction and expansion of oil palm in Indonesia reflects the crop’s economic attractiveness and benefits, but the social interactions between companies and local communities have had a mixed track record that requires attention. To some extent, oil palm plantations have been portrayed as costly from social and environmental perspectives. To understand the economic benefits of palm oil production, we analyzed both private and financial returns at the plantation level as well as the return to labour. Socially, interaction areas were identified as the result of labour requirements of oil palm plantations and the profitability of independent and plasma smallholders’ plantations.
Download :
This works is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors
Ekadinata, A.,Rahmanulloh A,Rahayu, S.,Budidarsono S,van Noordwijk, M.,Dewi, S.,Khasanah, N.M.
Publication year
2012
