Making conservation incentives work for Indigenous People and local communities: Insights and recommendations from Peru

Key messages

• Achieving global climate goals requires mutually beneficial partnerships between states, Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IP&LCs).
• Conservation incentives present implementation challenges and can result in potential conflicts, injustices, gender inequality, and loss of cultural values for IP&LCs.
• Peru’s Conditional Direct Transfers illustrate the risks and benefits that come with incentive programmes for IP&LCs, with some best practice lessons for those implementing similar programmes.
• Participatory decision making, supporting community administrative capacity, data sharing, and inclusion strategies will facilitate transparent, mutually beneficial partnerships with IP&LCs.
• An effective integrated approach requires collaboration between different institutions, government offices, and local, regional, and national experts.

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