Review: Improving the enabling environment to strengthen Rwanda’s tree seed and seedling systems

Key Recommendations

• Update and implement the Forestry Reproductive Materials Guidelines (MoE 2018) and the Tree Reproductive Materials Strategy (MINILAF 2018) to improve identification, documentation, and protection of native tree seed sources.
• Expand and identify a national network of certified tree seed sources managed by recognized seed source custodians.
• Strengthen access to and use of native tree species by conducting phenology studies and streamlining permit processes in protected areas for tree seed collectors.
• Develop and widely disseminate species-specific seed zoning and planting maps to guide all tree planting decisions.
• Introduce and enforce national nursery standards requiring full traceability of seed origin throughout seedling production.
• Ensure farmers and extension agents have clear, accessible agroforestry guidance tailored to local conditions and agency mandates.
• Shift the National Tree Seed Centre (NTSC) from sole tree seed production toward a regulatory and supportive role while expanding trained tree seed cooperatives and NTSC sub-centres.
• Clarify and communicate the roles and responsibilities of all actors, formally recognizing seed source custodians within the delivery system.

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