A IŠSTRA KKARAKUERISTIK PERII.AKU MASYARAKAT YAc; TFRKAIT 1)Ex(;,r% LOCIL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE (LEK) DALAM PENGEI.OLAA PEKARAXGA Dl DESA sF:xn’AR IIUTAN REGISTI’R 22 WAY VAYA PROP1NSI LAMPUNG OtchSanti Kadarwati Register 22 way Waya merupakan salab satu hutan lindurig di Propinsi Lampungyang mengalarni kerusakan cukup parah akibat pcrarnhahan oleh masyarakat disekitar hutan. Perambahan tersebut disebabkan karena rendahnya pctmlikan Lahantiap kepala keluarga clan rcndahnya pendapatan yang diperol eh Pcnì.m tt.ii4tnpekarangan merupakan salab satu alternatif yang patin di peril mhangkan sehagatusaha untuk tnencegah pcrambahan hutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) untukmengetahui perilaku (pengetahuan ekologi. sikap, dan tindakan) masyarakat desasckitar hutan dalam pengelolaan pekararigan di Desa Sendang Rcflìo. Seridang Asri,dan Sendang Mulyo, Kecatnatan Sendang Agung, 2) mengetahul danmengidentifikasi teknikikegiatan pengelolaan pekarangan yang diterapkan di tigadesa tersebut, dan 3) rnembandingkan peri]aku masyarakat dalarn pcngclolaanpekarangari di tiga desa tersebut dan menganalisisnya herdasarkan perbcdaan etnis(Jawa, Sernendo, dan Sunda),Santi KadanvatiPcneliiian diiaksanakan selaina 6 balan (Januari 2002 Juni 2002) di Dcsa Smdang Retno, Sendang Asri, dan Sendang Mulyo, Kecamatan Sendang Agung yangbekerj asama dcngan Inwriuitional centre for RL’Search in Agroforestn’ (ICRAF).Bogor. Pengumpu Ian data dii akukan dengan metode Knowledge-Based System(KBS) d an pengo I ahan data menggu nakan program AgroL’cologicu( Kno t ledg,Toolkit 5 (AKT 5), serta dianalisis secara deskriptif.HasiL pend iii an menunj ukkan bahwa keadaan pekarangan masyarakat bcretn is J awasama dengan masyarakat Sunda, yaitu didominasi otch tanaman pengha.sii kayu danbuali. sayuran dan budidaya ternak kambing, unggas, dan ikan, scdangkan padapekarangan masyarakat Seinendo tidak dijumpal kolam untuk budidaya ¡kan.Pengetahuan ekologi yang dimiliki masyarakat cli Liga desa penelitian ini cukupmemadai dan sama pada masing-masing etnis, namun kenyaiaannya mereka tidakrnenerapkan semua pengetahuan tersebut da lam menge lola pekarangan. I I ai inidisehahkan karena: L) ukuran pekarangan yang cukup sempit, 2) tidak memiliki waktu yang cukup tintuk niengelola pekurangan. 3) adanya anggapan bahwapekarangan nierupakan lahan yang kurang mcnghasilkan, 4) ban aknya pepohonan dipekarangan sehingga tidak tnemungkinkan untuk niclakukan tumpangsari tananunpertanian, dan 5) keadaan tanah yang berupa tanah lempung berpasir dan kurangsubur. Tanaman yang paling dipihhJdisukai untuk ditanam adalah kakao, lada, dunan,mahoni, mangiurn, dan akasia, sedangkan bud idaya ternak yang paling banyakdilakukan adalah budidaya ternak kambing dan unggas, karena hudidaya ini tidakmemertukan lahan yang luas dan pakannya mudah diperoich.
Tag: Local knowledge
A spatially explicit individual-based forest simulator
Individual trees of different species compete for light and space on a one-hectare toric space. Computations are carried out on a yearly time step. Capture and use of both resources (light and space) are species dependent and mediated through a number of parameters related to distinct geometrical and physiological characteristics for each species. A light interception module uses crown optical and geometrical characteristics to compute how much light is available to each tree. Competition for space is monitored by computing at each time step how much surface of each crown envelop is free from overlapping by neighboring crowns and stored as the crown form index. Recruitment and mortality are also governed by species dependent parameters. Mortality is a function of the growth rate. Secondary mortality can occur due to tree fall possibly creating canopy gaps. Recruitment depends on the specific biological cycle of the species. The potential number of offspring of the late successional species (e.g. Lansium domesticum, Shorea javanica or Durio zibethinus) depends on the number of sexually mature adult trees. On the contrary pioneer species have a constant recruitment pressure independent of the actual number of adult trees as they have wind spread or dormant seeds. Actual recruitment is ultimately governed by actual light conditions
Bringing local knowledge into perspective: a case of sustainable technology development in Jungle rubber agroforest in Jambi
A recently developed knowledge-based systems (KBS) method in which a social science approach was used to collect and analyze local ecological knowledge is described in a jungle rubber agroforestry context in Jambi, Indonesia. The approach is in line with a view that local knowledge can and does play a significant role in the generation of sustainable technology for rural development and that local ecological knowledge is decipherable, despite conflicting views of senior anthropoloists and social scientists. We demonstrate that local ecological knowledge can be sophisticated, explanatory and useful and helps deveolpment professionals understand farmer’s mental models of their farm ecology. The chapter gives examples of local ecological knowledge about jungle rubber agroforstry and of direct grafting of rubber clonal buds directly on to rubber seedlings in the field.
Assesing conservation value of rubber agroforest in the Sumatra lowlands: a landscape level assessment of plant diversity
In order to make robust predictions about biodiversity levels at landscape scale there is a need to shift attention from simple species count to ecological processes. In this project which focuses on tree species, plant community data will be assessed both in terms of species composition and functional group composition
Autonomous conservation: A literature review of concepts, local practices, and their relevance in the tropics
Official conservation activities are absent in many tropical regions, but local people living in and around these areas nonetheless engage in practices that contribute to conservation objectives. These practices, when they arise endogenously, are referred to here as autonomous conservation. They are not well documented and their value and significance remain unclear and debated among scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. We reviewed literature on autonomous conservation practices, combining keyword searches, snowballing, citation tracking, and references from scholars in our network. Eighteen cases of autonomous conservation in the tropics, representing marine (n=11), terrestrial (n=6), and combined systems (n=1) were identified for additional analysis. Our review identified three common themes linking long-standing local practices and conservation. The first theme emphasizes conservation as an outcome achieved through various practices, including those associated with spiritual beliefs and taboos. These practices restrain overharvesting, sustain resources, and protect places and species. Second, the overall effectiveness of these practices is influenced by the strength of social institutions, knowledge transfer mechanisms, and deterrence measures. They are grounded in norms, legitimacy, and respect that promote compliance, maintain social processes, and sustain practices over time. The third theme highlights the nuanced perspectives on conservation ethics within local communities. Some authors view conservation as embedded in local knowledge and practice, while others emphasize the importance of discerning a recognizable conservation motive when labeling these autonomous practices as ‘conservation’. As conservation policies and practices increasingly demand evidence-based approaches, understanding local practices and their relevance in conservation is crucial for more effective and inclusive conservation.
Beyond carbon sequestration – local knowledge about tree functions. Case study from male and female Arabica coffee farmers in Vietnam
Estimates of carbon sequestration for timber trees is well documented, while fruit trees are understudied. The few existing estimates indicate that fruit trees and fertiliser management on them, can substantially sequester carbon in coffee monocultures, albeit unlikely to the same extent as timber trees. A carbon investor may thus favour timber. In this light, as programs for planting billions and trillion trees are launched “to save the climate”, a wide range of gender, social, justice and environmental concerns are voiced.