Home to the Luguru people, the Uluguru Mountains are a chain of cool, wet, highland forests that have attracted human settlement for hundreds of years.The mountains are the source of the Ruvu River, which sustains 2.8 million people in Tanzania’s capital city Dar es Salaam. Arab traders established the port centuries ago largely because of the presence of fresh water from the Ruvu. However, population pressures have resulted in expansion of farming, increased logging and the decline of forest cover which have negatively affected the quantity and quality of River Ruvu’s water.